A urinary tract infection (UTI) can occur in any part of the urinary system, which encompasses the kidneys, the ureters, the urethra, and the bladder. UTIs occur due to bacteria, such as Escherichia coli (E. coli), entering the lower urinary tract via the urethra. From there, the bacteria multiplies rapidly, leading to infection of the immune system.
About 1 out of 5 women will get a UTI at some point because their urethras are shorter than men's and provide an easier pathway for bacteria. However, anyone can get a UTI. If untreated, urinary tract infections can lead to serious complications, such as cystitis (inflammation of the bladder), urethritis (inflammation of the urethra), or acute pyelonephritis (inflammation of the kidney).
Most UTI infections respond to antibiotics. The type of UTI you have will determine the types of antibiotics you should receive. Simple infections are treated with Nitrofurantoin (Macrobid), Amoxicillin-clavulante, cefuroxime, cefdinir, bactrim, and other antibiotics. Complicated UTIs and kidney infections may be treated with a group of antibiotics called fluoroquinolones, which include ciprofloxacin (Cipro), levofloxacin (Levaquin), and others.
Symptoms
Painful or burning urination
Lower abdominal or back discomfort
Discolored (Cloudy, dark) urine
Bloody, or strange-smelling urine
Pain or discomfort in the lower stomach, abdomen, or lower back
Possible fever, chills nausea or fatigue
Treatment
Nitrofurantoin (Macrobid)
Bactrim